Taw qhia
Insulators siv nyob rau hauv 1000kV UHV substations yuav tsum tau ntau dua mechanical zog, zoo hluav taws xob kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua kom muaj kuab paug. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, 1000kV insulators yuav tsum muaj kev ua haujlwm siab dua vim lawv txoj hlua ntev thiab tsis yooj yim nrhiav thiab hloov.
1000kV porcelain insulator hlua muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm ntau daim, ntev qauv thiab hnyav hnyav. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, vim qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov dej tsis zoo ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob porcelain, porcelain insulator cov hlua tuaj yeem ua rau flashover hauv ib puag ncig ntub dej (xws li hnub los nag thiab pos huab). Yog li ntawd, kev ntsuas xws li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txaus lossis cov txheej txheem ntxiv ntawm RTV lossis PRTV antifouling flashover cov ntaub ntawv feem ntau raug coj los ua kom qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov hlua insulator. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov no yuav ntxiv qhov ntev ntawm cov hlua insulator thiab kev saib xyuas haujlwm. Daim ntawv thov ntawm hluavtaws insulators nyob rau hauv daim phiaj hluav taws xob kuj tau dhau los ua qhov kev tshawb fawb hotspot vim qhov zoo ntawm cov pa phem hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, kev siv siab ntawm kev nkag mus deb thiab cov yam ntxwv zoo ntawm cov pa phem. Synthetic insulators (xws li pillar insulators thiab suspension insulators) tau siv los hloov cov porcelain insulators hauv qee qhov chaw nres tsheb ntawm 750kV thiab hauv qab no. Lub 1000kVGIS bushings ntawm 1000kV substations, xws li Jingmen thiab Wannan chaw nres tsheb, kuj siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws, thiab lawv ua haujlwm zoo.
Txoj kev loj hlob ntawm porcelain insulator hlua
Hauv UHV substations uas tau tsim los yog tab tom tsim kho, qhov tshwj xeeb layout hom ntawm 1000kV faib khoom sib xyaw ua ke. Ob chav-umbrella hom los yog triple-umbrella hom porcelain insulator nrog loj nce mus deb yog xaiv raws li tus ntoo khaub lig-kab tensioning insulator hlua nyob rau hauv lub chaw nres tsheb. Rau txoj hlua dangling insulator, txhawm rau tswj txoj hlua ntev thiab ua kom muaj kev nyab xeeb meej ntawm cov kab hlau lead thiab cov khoom siv hauv qab no, xaiv peb-umbrella hom porcelain insulator. Qhov ib-thooj creepage nrug ntawm peb lub kaus hom porcelain insulator rau ncua kev kawm ntawv insulator yog 545mm.
Tus naj npawb ntawm cov hlua hluav taws xob nyob ntawm seb cov pa phem ntawm lub substation. Creepage nrug txoj kev los yog muaj kuab paug flashover tiv thaiv voltage txoj kev yog siv los txiav txim: tab sis thaum nws yog ib qho nyuaj rau txiav txim siab cov pa phem kuj yam ntxwv ntawm insulators los ntawm kev ntsuam xyuas teb, cov xov tooj ntawm insulator hlua kuj txiav txim los yog xyuas los ntawm kev koom tes nrog cov rwb thaiv tsev theem ntawm kab insulator. hlua.
Rau UHV substations nyob rau hauv lub teb chaws tus qauv d qias neeg thaj chaw, raws li GB/T 26218. Iav insulators rau AC system" yog 43.3mm / kV. Tom qab txiav txim siab xoom-tus nqi insulators, tus naj npawb ntawm 1000kV tshem tawm cov hlua insulator yog 59 daim. Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov UHV substations nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam d2 paug. Ua ke nrog GB / T 26218 . ntawm thaj chaw kis kab mob yog nce ntxiv, lwm yam kev ntsuas yuav tsum tau ua raws li cov khoom uas twb muaj lawm 1000kV porcelain post khoom tsis tuaj yeem ua kom tau raws li qhov yuav tsum tau muaj ntawm cov txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev sab nraud. Yog li ntawd, nws tsis yog mea lawm. ningful kom yooj yim nce qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov hlua insulator.
Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm swaying ntawm 1000kV xaim ntawm lub sijhawm sib txawv, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm cua deflection ntawm cov xaim ntawm qhov kev ncua deb ntawm cov theem yog txwv. Ib leeg I, ob npaug I lossis V-hom tensioning insulator hlua tuaj yeem siv rau txoj kab hla ntawm cov kab nkag thiab tawm ntawm 1000kV cov khoom xa tawm. V-hom insulator hlua feem ntau yog siv rau txoj kab tsheb npav loj, thiab ib qho I lossis V-hom dangling insulator hlua tuaj yeem siv rau cov kab hauv qab thiab jumper. Hauv UHV substation uas tau tsim, 1000kV tshem tawm cov hlua hluav taws xob feem ntau siv cov qauv V-shaped los txwv qhov swaying ntawm cov hlau thiab txo qhov dav ntawm tus ncej. Rau UHV substation nyob rau hauv cheeb tsam D-qib paug, 1000kV V-hom dangling insulator string pawg feem ntau xaiv 160 kN peb-umbrella porcelain insulator daim ntawv, nrog rau ib tug qauv qhov siab ntawm 160mm, creepage deb ntawm 545mm, thiab cov xov tooj ntawm insulator nplooj ntawv ntawm 59 daim.
1000kV tshem tawm cov hlua hluav taws xob hauv UHV substation feem ntau yog siv los dai cov hlau lead ntawm cov kab nkag thiab tawm mus rau GIS bushing, thiab cov hlua insulator yog nruab nrog tensioning clip. Los ntawm kev suav, nws pom tau hais tias tsuas yog thaum lub kaum sab xis ntawm V-hom insulator txoj hlua ntau dua li qhov siab tshaj plaws cua deflection Lub kaum sab xis ntawm cov hlau, tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlua insulator tau so hauv qab qhov siab tshaj plaws cua deflection ntawm cov hlau, thiab tiv thaiv cov insulator. los ntawm ntog los yog puas nyob rau hauv siab.
Suspension insulator string scheme
1000kV tshem tawm cov hlua hluav taws xob hauv UHV AC substation txais yuav V-hom kev ncua kev kawm. Lub insulator huab hwm coj yog suav tias yog 160kN. Kev txiav txim siab ntawm creepage nrug rau hluavtaws insulators. Raws li GB/T26218. ntawm silicone roj hmab kaus insulator feem ntau zoo dua li cov plooj (porcelain insulator) los yog iav insulator thaum lub creepage deb yog tib yam, yog tias cov pa phem los yog flashover tsuas yog txiav txim siab, qhov creepage nrug yuav txo tau thaum siv hluavtaws insulator. Txawm li cas los xij, piv nrog Cov khoom siv plooj (porcelain) cov ntaub ntawv, cov ntaub ntawv silicone roj hmab yog qhov ua rau tsis zoo nyob rau hauv qhov kev ua ntawm ib puag ncig, hluav taws xob teb thiab arc, uas yuav txo tau cov pa phem thiab kev pab cuam lub neej ntawm insulators nyob rau hauv tej yam kev mob. Yog li ntawd, hluavtaws insulators nrog tib creepage deb li porcelain los yog iav insulators raug pom zoo kom tsis txhob deterioration, teeb meem flashover thiab txhim kho cov pa phem rau lub teb chaws standard d filthy condition, qhov creepage nrug ntawm 1000 kV hluavtaws hanging insulator yog pom zoo kom tsis pub tsawg tshaj 545x59=321.55(mm).
Raws li cov txheej txheem kev, xa mus rau porcelain insulator string scheme, los ntawm cov chaw tsim khoom tshawb nrhiav.
Kev sib dhos ntawm cov hlua hluav taws xob hluavtaws yog qhov yooj yim tib yam li cov hlua hluav taws xob porcelain. Vim muaj kev txwv tsis pub zoo, U-shaped dai nplhaib, lub nplhaib txuas ntxiv, txuas phaj, kho lub nplhaib thiab tensioning clamp siv rau hauv kev sib dhos ntawm cov hlua hluav taws xob hluav taws xob yog tib yam li cov khoom siv hauv cov hlua hluav taws xob porcelain. Xav txog qhov sib txawv ntawm cov khoom hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws thiab cov khoom siv porcelain. Qhov hluav taws xob sib npaug ntawm lub nplhaib thiab lub nplhaib tiv thaiv siv rau cov hlua insulator yuav txawv, uas yuav tsum tau txiav txim siab tom qab tshwj xeeb hluav taws xob tsom xam ntawm kev sib dhos thiab kev sib txuas. Vim hais tias cov hlua hluavtaws insulator nrog nyuaj txuas mandrel, rau tag nrho cov qauv kev sib txuas. Nws yog qhov yooj yim rau nruab thiab tsim cov hlua ntawm qhov chaw. Tom qab qhov kev teeb tsa, yuav tsis muaj "U" zoo li cov nyhuv tshwm sim los ntawm qhov ntev ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob porcelain insulator hlua. Yog li ntawd, cov hlua insulator composite yog saws. Nws yog ib qho ua tau los hloov lub eeb rings nrog yooj yim racetrack rings rau V-hanging hlua ntawm siab equalizing rings.
Hom V dai insulator hlua
Kev siv "V" cov hlua hluav taws xob rau cov kab sib txuas thiab cov kab sib txuas tau zoo tuaj yeem txwv lub viav vias amplitude ntawm cov hlau, yog li txo qhov loj ntawm lub taub hau ntauwd thiab qhov dav dav thiab zoo li qub ntawm txoj kev hauv tsev. Vim qhov kev ncua deb ntawm peb-theem xov hlau, lub ntuj xa hluav taws xob thiab electromagnetic ib puag ncig ntawm cov kab zoo dua li cov kab zoo tib yam. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm "V" cov hlua insulator ncaj qha cuam tshuam qhov loj ntawm ntauwd lub taub hau thiab kev ntxhov siab ntawm cov hlua insulator. Raws li ib tug loj tus naj npawb ntawm kev tshawb fawb thiab tsim cov ntaub ntawv sau nyob rau hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws, lub koom haum lub kaum sab xis ntawm "V" hom hlua yog qhov pib ntawm 70 degree ~ 120 degree. Lub load ntawm "V" insulator hlua yog qhov nyuaj, uas tsis yog tsuas yog cuam tshuam nrog lub ntsug load, tab sis kuj muaj feem xyuam nrog lub kaum sab xis, kab rov tav load thiab longitudinal load ntawm "V" insulator hlua. Qhov loj dua lub kaum sab xis ntawm "V" insulator hlua, qhov loj dua qhov ntsug, kab rov tav thiab longitudinal load.
Technical thiab economic tsom xam
Tom qab siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws, 1000kV ncua kev kawm ntawv insulator txoj hlua ntev tuaj yeem luv luv los ntawm ze li 1m. Raws li txoj kev npaj thiab kev sib txuas ntawm 1000kV faib chav tsev, qhov siab ntawm inlet thiab qhov hluav taws xob kab ncej tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm 41m mus rau 40m. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txiav txim siab tias qhov loj ntawm ib txoj hlua hluavtaws hluavtaws yog li 1.2t qis dua li ntawm cov porcelain insulator hlua, los ntawm kev rov ua kom zoo dua qhov tsim ntawm cov xaim xaim thiab tawm, txhua tus pin ntawm cov xaim xaim (dav 49m. ) tuaj yeem txuag tau li ntawm 2t ntawm cov hlau thiab txhua tus pin ntawm cov hlau xaim (dav 51m) tuaj yeem txuag tau li 2.5t ntawm cov hlau. Muab xam ntawm tus nqi steel ntawm 10,{18}} yuan / t, txhua tus pin ntawm tus ncej tuaj yeem txuag tau li 20,000 yuan thiab txhua tus pin ntawm tus ncej tawm tuaj yeem txuag tau txog 25,000 yuan. Ua ke nrog cov khoom siv insulator peev kwv yees thiab cov chaw tsim khoom cov lus hais. Tus nqi ntawm ib daim ntawm cov porcelain insulator yog 139 yuan, thiab tus nqi ntawm ib qho khoom siv hluavtaws yog 4600 yuan. Yog hais tias lub rooj sib txoos ntawm cov hlua ntawm insulator yog tib yam, kev nqis peev ntawm txhua txoj hlua ntawm hluavtaws insulator yog li ntawm 7200 yuan tsawg dua li cov hlua hluav taws xob insulator.
Txawm hais tias 1000 kV hluavtaws insulator hlua muaj qee yam kev ua haujlwm thiab kev lag luam zoo piv nrog cov porcelain insulator hlua, lub sijhawm khiav ntawm hluavtaws insulator yog luv dua. Yuav ua li cas ncua kev laus ntawm cov khoom siv hluavtaws thiab txhim kho kev tsim khoom thiab thev naus laus zis ntawm cov insulators tseem yog ib qho tseem ceeb txwv tsis pub muaj kev nyiam thiab siv cov khoom siv hluavtaws hauv UHV chaw nres tsheb. Kev tshawb nrhiav txuas ntxiv yog xav tau. Tsis tas li ntawd, daim ntawv thov ntawm 1000kV hluavtaws insulator hlua yuav tsum tau ua ke nrog hluav taws xob tsom xam kom zoo dua qhov tsim ntawm qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob ntsuas lub nplhaib thiab lub nplhaib tiv thaiv ntawm cov hlua insulator. Ntawm kev tshawb fawb thoob ntiaj teb cov txiaj ntsig hauv xyoo tas los no. Synthetic insulators tsis yog cov khoom tsis muaj kev saib xyuas. Kev paub txog kev ua haujlwm qhia tau hais tias qhov hydrophobicity ntawm hluavtaws insulators yuav txo qis mus rau qhov sib txawv tom qab kev ua haujlwm rau qee lub xyoo nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ozone, ultraviolet lub teeb, av noo, siab thiab kub tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob kev ntxhov siab thiab lwm yam sab nraud, uas yog qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau lub "tsis paub flashover" nyob rau hauv lub lag luam ntawm composite insulators. Yog li ntawd, tom qab lub loj-scale daim ntawv thov ntawm hluavtaws insulators. Yuav ua li cas ua tau zoo ntawm - kab kev saib xyuas ntawm nws txoj kev khiav haujlwm kuj tseem tsim nyog them rau.
Cov ntsiab lus
Xav txog qhov hnyav ntawm lub insulator li 160kN, V-hom ncua kev kawm ntawv tseem tau txais. Nyob rau hauv cov xwm txheej ntawm lub teb chaws tus qauv d pa phem, qhov creepage deb ntawm lub insulator yuav tsum tsis muaj tsawg tshaj li 32155mm. Xav txog qhov hnyav thiab kev sib txuas hom ntawm 1000kV tshem tawm cov hlua hluav taws xob, 1000kV hluavtaws insulator hlua thiab porcelain insulator hlua tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke tib yam. Lub kaum sab xis ntawm V-shaped hlua tseem suav tias yog 65 degree, yog li cov hlua insulator yuav tsis puas los ntawm compression thiab ua tau raws li cov qauv tsim.