Composite insulators muaj qhov zoo ntawm lub teeb yuag, kev ua qias tuaj, yooj yim installation thiab txij nkawm, thiab lwm yam. Composite insulators yog dav siv nyob rau hauv kev tsim kho cov kab hluav taws xob hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws. Tam sim no, tus naj npawb ntawm cov khoom siv insulators hauv ib txwm siv hauv Suav teb yog kwv yees li 8 lab, uas yog ib lub tebchaws uas muaj cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke ntau tshaj plaws. Composite insulators tau yooj yim cuam tshuam los ntawm ntau yam hauv lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, xws li tshuab, ib puag ncig thiab hluav taws xob. Nrog rau lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua ke, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw yuav nyuaj, nkig thiab to, thiab lwm yam. Yog tias cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua haujlwm nyob rau lub sijhawm ntev, nws yuav cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ib txwm ntawm daim phiaj hluav taws xob. Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, cov teeb meem kev laus ntawm kev sib xyaw insulators tau nyiam cov saib xyuas ntawm cov tuam tsev.
Cov khoom siv insulating sab nraud ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau yog kub-kub vulcanized silicone roj hmab, uas yog ib qho elastomer tau los ntawm kev ntxiv ntau yam complexes, xws li reinforcing muab tub lim thiab cov qauv tswj tus neeg saib xyuas, rau cov roj hmab, thiab ces interacting nrog vulcanizing tus neeg saib xyuas. Kub kub vulcanized silicone roj hmab muaj zog stability, hydrophobicity thiab hydrophobicity rov qab. Composite insulator yuav nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig sab nraum zoov rau lub sijhawm ntev hauv kev ua haujlwm, thiab cov pa phem, corona thiab noo noo nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig sab nraum zoov yuav ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau saum npoo ntawm silicone roj hmab, uas yuav maj mam deteriorate cov khoom ntawm composite insulator thiab nws thiaj li poob.
Tam sim no, kev tsim kho tseem ceeb ntawm Tuam Tshoj txoj kab hluav taws xob tau hloov mus rau kev coj ntawm UHV thiab UHV. Uhv daim phiaj hluav taws xob yuav tsum tau ua nyob rau hauv qhov chaw siab tshaj thiab muaj kuab paug siab hauv ntau qhov xwm txheej. Yog li ntawd, cov insulators sib xyaw yuav tsum tau ntsib teeb meem xws li hluav taws xob ultraviolet thiab corona tawm, uas tseem yog cov teeb meem uas yuav tsum tau them sai sai rau hauv kev laus ntawm cov insulators.
Kev laus hom thiab mechanism ntawm kev sib xyaw insulator
Kev laus ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb hom: kev laus lub cev, kev laus tshuaj lom neeg thiab electromechanical aging.
1. Kev laus lub cev
Cov yam ntxwv ntawm lub cev kev laus ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob feem ntau suav nrog cov hluav taws xob ultraviolet, qhov kub thiab txias hauv zos thiab kev ntxhov siab qaug zog. Kev laus lub cev muaj feem cuam tshuam rau cov khoom siv kho tshuab thiab hluav taws xob ntawm silicone roj hmab. Qhov kev sim raug pom ntawm cov khoom siv roj hmab silicone tau ua thaum lub sijhawm 1998-2005 hauv Suav teb, thiab kev laus ntawm silicone roj hmab tau kawm. Nws tau pom tias thaum lub sij hawm sib xyaw insulator raug nthuav tawm sab nraum zoov ntev ntev, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob photoelectric ntawm cov hluav taws xob insulator yuav hloov tau pom tseeb, cov kev hloov no pom tseeb tshaj plaws nyob rau hauv thaj chaw suab puam thiab thaj chaw subtropical toj siab.
Ultraviolet lub teeb muaj qhov ua kom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau kev laus ntawm silicone roj hmab, txawm hais tias ultraviolet lub teeb thiab tuaj yeem txiav tawm tag nrho cov saw tseem ceeb ntawm silicone roj hmab, tab sis ultraviolet lub teeb thiab lwm yam yuav muab cov oxidation ntawm silicone roj hmab sab saw methyl, thaum kawg ua rau. kev laus ntawm silicone roj hmab. Cov qauv tseem ceeb hauv cov roj hmab silicone yuav tsim cov dawb radicals tom qab so, qhov no yog ib feem ntawm cov dawb radicals ntawm lub zog siab, yooj yim los tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev sib txuas ntawm ib leeg. Thaum raug huab cua, cov dawb radicals kuj oxidize nrog oxygen nyob rau hauv cov huab cua, ua methane thiab lwm yam gases.
Nyob rau hauv xyoo tas los no, nrog rau kev nce qib ntawm West-sab hnub tuaj lub zog xa hluav taws xob, ntau cov kab hluav taws xob sib kis tau zoo nrog cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw ua cov khoom siv tseem ceeb tau tsim tsa hauv Yunguichuan thiab Xizang. Lub ntuj ib puag ncig hauv cov cheeb tsam no hnyav dua li ntawm lwm qhov chaw, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw ntawm no yog qhov yooj yim rau kev laus hauv daim ntawv thov. Nyob rau hauv Yunguichuan thiab lwm qhov chaw siab, nrog rau kev ncua sij hawm ntawm ultraviolet irradiation lub sij hawm, lub zog thiab elongation ntawm silicone roj hmab maj mam txo nrog lub sij hawm hloov, resistivity kuj yuav txo nrog rau ncua sij hawm irradiation, thiab cov hydrophobicity ntawm silicone roj hmab yuav qhia. kev poob qis. Yog vim li cas rau qhov tshwm sim no yog tias thawj daim ntawv cog lus ntawm kev sib xyaw insulator silicone roj hmab yuav txuas nrog nyob rau hauv qhov kev txiav txim ntawm ultraviolet lub teeb, uas ua rau txhua yam khoom ntawm silicone roj hmab tsis tu ncua.
Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tawg kuj tseem yuav tsim cov pa roj, cov pa tawm los ntawm kev ua haujlwm ntawm silicone roj hmab, silicone roj hmab nto yuav tshwm tsis sib xws los yog txawm lub qhov. Cov pab pawg uas tsis yog methyl nyob rau sab saw poob vim yog cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation, lub sijhawm no, cov pab pawg tsis-methyl tsis tuaj yeem tsim cov ntaub thaiv npog rau cov saw tseem ceeb, uas ua rau maj mam txo qis hauv hydrophobicity ntawm silicone roj hmab nto. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov pab pawg hydrophilic hauv silicone roj hmab tseem yuav nqus dej los ntawm qhov chaw ntawm silicone roj hmab, kom qhov kev tiv thaiv ntawm silicone roj hmab tseem poob qis. Kev tawg ntawm cov tshuaj lom neeg hauv cov roj hmab silicone tseem yuav ua rau cov rwb thaiv tsev tsis muaj zog, ua rau cov dej xau thiab lwm yam xwm txheej. Yog li ntawd, yog hais tias ib tug silicone roj hmab nyob rau hauv uv muaj zog ib puag ncig rau ib ntev lub sij hawm, silicone roj hmab sab hauv yuav mus ntxiv rau qhov tshwm sim ntawm cracking, crosslinking tshua xws li oxidation, rhuav tshem cov qauv molecular ntawm silicone roj hmab sab hauv, los ntawm ib tug macro taw tes ntawm view. silicone roj hmab ntev raug rau ultraviolet lub teeb ib puag ncig poob rau hauv silicone roj hmab hluav taws xob kev ua tau zoo thiab kev ua haujlwm txhua yam raug txo, cuam tshuam rau kev siv cov roj hmab silicone.
Nws tau pom tias cov xim hlau oxide tuaj yeem cuam tshuam cov thermal oxidation cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hauv cov khoom siv insulator silicone roj hmab, thiaj li ua kom muaj kev ruaj ntseg ntawm silicone roj hmab, tab sis kev siv cov xim hlau oxide ua lub luag haujlwm catalytic hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv hydrolysis. Thaum nano silica ntxiv rau silicone roj hmab, qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov hluav taws xob flashover ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob txo qis nrog qhov nce ntxiv. Thaum cov khoom siv nano BN tau ntxiv rau cov roj hmab silicone, qhov kub ntawm qhov sib faib ntawm cov roj hmab silicone yuav zoo ib yam, qhov kev yaig qhov tob yuav maj mam txo, qhov kev tiv thaiv kev ruaj ntseg ntawm silicone roj hmab nto yuav txhim kho, thiab qhov tshwm sim ntawm qhov teeb meem flashover yuav. txuas ntxiv txo.
Kev ntxhov siab qaug zog kuj tseem yuav ua rau kev laus ntawm cov khoom sib xyaw ua ke mus rau qhov loj. Nws tau pom tias thaum muaj kev vibration siab tshwm sim hauv lub kaus tiab nrog cov khoom siv insulators, qhov kev vibration yuav ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab loj tshwm sim ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm lub kaus mom. Nyob rau hauv lub sij hawm ntev thiab muaj zog load, lub hauv paus ntawm lub kaus tiab yuav ib txwm nyob rau hauv lub xeev ntawm kev nyuaj siab qaug zog, uas yuav ua rau lub tsim ntawm micro-cracks. Yog tias cov micro-cracks tsis kho kom zoo, qhov tob ntawm cov kab nrib pleb yuav nce ntxiv, thiab thaum kawg lub kaus tiab yuav torn.
2. Kev laus tshuaj lom neeg
Cov laj thawj tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom siv insulator silicone roj hmab kev laus yog ozone, acid thiab puag thiab nitrogen oxide, ntawm cov nitrogen oxide reacts nrog dej los tsim nitric acid. Thaum cov insulator puas nyob rau hauv acidic ib puag ncig ntev, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom insulator yuav raug corroded loj. Cov kua qaub muaj zog yuav ua rau tawg ntawm silicone roj hmab qaum pob txha ntawm cov khoom siv insulator, yog li ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau cov khoom siv roj hmab silicone. Thaum cov khoom siv insulator nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig alkaline, qhov saum npoo ntawm cov khoom siv insulator yuav pom cov alkalinity tsis muaj zog, thiab cov tshuaj alkaline tseem yuav ua rau cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov roj hmab silicone tawg, ua rau poob ntawm hydrophobicity ntawm cov khoom insulator. Los ntawm macro taw tes ntawm view, lub composite insulator silicone roj hmab nyob rau hauv acidic los yog alkaline ib puag ncig ntev yuav qhia qhov tshwm sim ntawm lub zog txo.
Nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig muaj kuab paug thiab ntub dej rau lub sijhawm ntev, qhov hydrophobicity ntawm silicone roj hmab nto ntawm cov insulators sib xyaw yuav maj mam tsis muaj zog, thiab txawm ploj tag nrog lub sijhawm nce. Thaum cov insulators sib xyaw rau hauv cov kev daws teeb meem ntawm cov khoom sib txawv, nws tuaj yeem pom tias qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv insulators hauv cov kev daws teeb meem nruab nrab tsis hloov pauv ntau, thaum lub ntsej muag ntawm cov insulators nyob rau hauv cov kua qaub thiab alkaline daws pom pom tseeb corrosion tshwm sim, thiab qib ntawm corrosion. yog maj mam deepened nrog nce acidity thiab alkalinity. Rau cov insulators sib xyaw, qhov chaw acidic yog qhov teeb meem ntau dua li alkaline ib puag ncig.
Vim tias qhov tshwm sim tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov kab hluav taws xob siab, ozone tsim los ntawm qhov tshwm sim tawm yuav oxidize thiab hnov mob nrog cov khoom siv polymer hauv cov khoom sib xyaw. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv oxidation yuav ua rau muaj teeb meem loj rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, thiab txawm tias muaj kev cuam tshuam loj heev rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov khoom siv insulator.
3. Hluav taws xob laus
Ntxiv nrog rau kev cuam tshuam los ntawm ib puag ncig ntuj, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob sib xyaw kuj tseem cuam tshuam los ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob siab, uas ua rau kev laus ntawm silicone roj hmab. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, txoj kev tshawb fawb ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob tsis raug them nyiaj qhia tau hais tias lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob hluav taws xob qis qis dua li cov khoom siv hluav taws xob uas tsis muaj hluav taws xob, uas tseem qhia tau tias hluav taws xob laus yog ib qho tseem ceeb ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. aging ntawm composite insulators. Qhov sib xyaw insulator yuav raug cuam tshuam los ntawm cov khoom siv hauv ib txwm ua haujlwm, uas yuav ua rau tawg ntawm cov khoom siv insulator silicone roj hmab lub ntsiab saw. Nyob rau tib lub sijhawm, nws yuav hnov mob nrog cov pa oxygen thiab lwm yam khoom siv los tsim cov nitrogen oxides thiab lwm yam tshuaj, thiab tom qab ntawd ua rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm silicone roj hmab puas. Corona arc kuj tseem yuav ua rau kub siab rau ntawm qhov chaw ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, uas yuav txo cov hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob. Tom qab cov insulators puas yog cauterized los ntawm corona arc, cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov organic teeb meem nyob rau saum npoo ntawm composite insulators yuav zoo heev txo, uas ua rau poob ntawm rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo ntawm puas insulators. Nyob rau hauv tag nrho cov kev laus, cov txheej txheem ntawm kev laus hluav taws xob yog qhov nyuaj tshaj plaws, thiab cov txheej txheem kev laus hluav taws xob kuj tseem tshwm sim tib lub sijhawm, kev laus ntawm lub cev thiab tshuaj lom neeg laus, yog li ntawd, qhov cuam tshuam ntawm hluav taws xob laus ntawm cov khoom siv insulating yog qhov loj tshaj.