Overvoltages vim muaj hluav taws xob thiab hloov pob hluav taws xob ua rau muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj ntawm cov qauv tsim substation thiab rwb thaiv tsev sib dhos ntawm cov tshuab fais fab. Quantifying thiab mitigating lawv cov kev cuam tshuam nyob rau hauv thiab ib puag ncig cov chaw txuas yuav tsum raug tshawb xyuas kom tso cai txiav txim siab txog qib siab hla thiab lawv qhov tshwm sim thoob plaws ib qhov chaw txuas. Qhov no ua kom yooj yim txheej txheem txheej txheem rwb thaiv tsev nrog lub hom phiaj ntawm kev txo qis ntawm qhov ua tsis tiav, qhov tso tawm qhov system thiab cov nqi kho. Txo kom tsis txhob muaj hluav taws xob, tiv thaiv voltage theem raug xaiv xws tias nws yuav tso cov flashovers tshwm sim ntawm cov ntsiab lus xaiv (piv txwv li kev sib txuas sib nrug) kom deb ntawm cov khoom siv kim thiab nyuaj kho. Thaum lub siab hloov cov hluav taws xob, nws yog feem ntau pheej yig dua los siv tiv thaiv overvoltage tiv thaiv kev ua kom lub rwb thaiv tsev theem ntawm cov khoom siv.
Zinc oxide cov neeg raug ntes tau lees paub tias yog ib txoj hauv kev tiv thaiv zoo rau kev tiv thaiv xob laim thiab hloov pob surges. Lawv tsiag ntawv los ntawm kev nqis tes ua sai dua thiab muaj zog dua qhov kev nqus tau lub zog, ntxiv rau kev tiv thaiv kev ua raws li AC tam sim no, pub txuas ntxiv ntawm kev xa khoom tom qab kev ua haujlwm. Kev xyaum siv hluav taws xob hauv tsev tam sim no siv cov kev ua tawm mus uas suav nrog kev txiav txim siab ntawm kev sib faib hluav taws xob tshwm sim los ntawm xob laim teeb meem thiab hloov kev ua haujlwm thiab tom qab ntawd hais txog qhov no rau hluav taws xob lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv. Xws li kev qoj ib ce ua kom pom tseeb tias dielectric lub zog ntawm cov khoom siv hloov pauv tseem tseem siab dua qib kev ntxhov siab overvoltage yuam rau lawv. Qhov twg tsis tau ntsib, kev tiv thaiv overvoltage xav tau. Feem ntau, kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig yog saws los xyuas kom muaj kev ntseeg tau ntawm lub zog. Taw qhia ntawm kev tiv thaiv overvoltage tuaj yeem siv los ua kom muaj zog tiv thaiv theem ntawm kev hloov chaw.