Porcelain insulators yog hu ua insulators, yav tas los hu ua obstacles lossis electron barriers. Porcelain los yog stoneware ceramic khoom siv los txhawb thiab insulate conductors. Nws nquag siv nrog cov khoom siv fais fab. Raws li kev siv, nws faib ua cov kab, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob, kev sib txuas lus thiab cov insulators tshwj xeeb; Raws li cov qauv tsim, nws muab faib ua hom koob, hom npauj npaim, hom disc, hom pas nrig, hla caj npab thiab casing; raws li lub sijhawm siv, nws faib rau sab hauv thiab sab nraum zoov; Raws li qhov ntsuas hluav taws xob, nws faib ua qhov tsis tshua muaj hluav taws xob (qis dua 10kV), siab voltage (siab tshaj 10kV) thiab ultra-siab voltage (siab tshaj 500kV). Cov ntsuas tseem ceeb ntsuas yog nws cov khoom hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov peev xwm tiv thaiv fouling. Lawv tsuas yog siv rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hluav taws xob thiab cov kab xa tawm, substation busbars thiab rwb thaiv tsev thiab kev txhawb nqa ntawm lub cev nyob hauv ntau yam khoom siv hluav taws xob.
Qhov zoo ntawm insulating ib feem ntawm cov plooj (porcelain insulator) yog cov khoom siv inorganic alumina ceramics. Cov khoom siv inorganic no muaj kev ruaj ntseg zoo thiab muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv kev laus, tab sis lub neej kev pab cuam ntawm cov plooj (porcelain insulator) nyob ntawm lub cev insulating, thiab nws lub neej ntev yog 25 xyoo - 50 xyoo. Txawm li cas los xij, dab tsi yog qhov txhaum ntawm cov plooj (porcelain insulators) hauv kev ua haujlwm nyob? Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv thiab zam tsis tau xws li kev ua tsis tiav?
1. Cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm cov plooj (porcelain insulators) feem ntau suav nrog kev tawg thiab flashover: kev tawg txhaum tshwm sim hauv cov insulator, cov plooj (porcelain insulator) tawm los ntawm cov plooj (porcelain) lub cev nruab nrab ntawm lub hau thiab tus pin, thiab tej zaum yuav tsis muaj qhov cuam tshuam ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub insulator, tab sis cov insulator tag nrho cov rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo tau ploj lawm; flashover tshwm sim ntawm qhov chaw ntawm lub plooj (porcelain insulator), thiab cov cim hlawv tuaj yeem pom. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, kev ua haujlwm rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsis raug txo kom tiav, thiab kev ua haujlwm tseem tuaj yeem txuas ntxiv mus. Lub rwb thaiv tsev tawg ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov plooj (porcelain piece) kuj yog tshwm sim raws li qhov kub hnyiab los yog tawg hauv cov plooj (porcelain disc). Raws li kev sib koom ua ke ntawm rwb thaiv tsev ntawm cov insulator kev ua tau zoo, lub zog zaus tawg voltage ntawm lub rwb thaiv tsev yuav tsum yog 1.5 npaug ntawm qhov ntsuas fais fab zaus qhuav flashover voltage. Thaum nws cov kev khiav hauj lwm lub zog zaus tawg voltage qis dua qhov qhuav flashover voltage, lub insulator yog ib qho tsis tsim nyog insulator, kuj hu ua Zero tus nqi insulator. Nyob rau hauv ib txwm muaj xwm txheej, tus xoom-tus nqi insulator yuav muaj cov kab nrib pleb loj, cov pa tawm thiab cov pa tawm ntawm qhov kawg ntawm cov khoom plooj (porcelain). Thaum tsis muaj qhov loj tam sim no dhau los ntawm cov pa sib txawv ntawm cov pa, hauv lub xeev qhuav, cov insulator tseem muaj peev xwm insulating. Nws tuaj yeem tiv taus qhov kev khiav hauj lwm voltage, tab sis twb muaj qhov tsis xws luag ntawm rwb thaiv tsev poob, uas coj cov kev piam sij rau kev nyab xeeb. Yog li ntawd, lub insulator xoom tus nqi ntes cov khoom lag luam yuav tsum tau siv los ua kom tsis tu ncua nyob rau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav ntawm cov porcelain insulator los tiv thaiv tus nqi xoom.
2. Cov kab nrib pleb ntawm cov porcelain insulators: muaj cov kab nrib pleb ntawm cov porcelain insulators, lub tes tsho insulating thiab epoxy resin cov khoom, ob qho tib si ntawm cov khoom siv hluav taws xob thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob, muaj peev xwm muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab lawv yuav tsum tau ua. hloov sai li sai tau. Txawm hais tias cov tiab hauv zos lossis flange tsis xws luag yuav tsis tas yuav ua rau tsis ua haujlwm, tag nrho cov rwb thaiv tsev kev ua tau zoo ntawm cov insulator tau deteriorated thiab yuav tsum tau hloov sai li sai tau. Yog li, nws raug pom zoo kom siv HB-TX2 insulator flaw detector kom tsis tu ncua ua qhov tsis pom kev ntawm cov plooj (porcelain insulators) txhawm rau txheeb xyuas ntau yam kev puas tsuaj hauv lub sijhawm.
3. Cov roj to ntawm cov plooj (porcelain bushing): cov porcelain insulating bushing nrog cov roj insulating sab hauv tuaj yeem ua rau kev puas tsuaj rau qhov kawg ntawm bushing vim yog sab nraud quab yuam thaum tu thiab kev thauj mus los. Tom qab ib lub sijhawm ua haujlwm, cov neeg kho tshuab kev ntxhov siab thiab lub zog hluav taws xob ntxiv. Nws tuaj yeem deform qhov kev sib txuas, ua rau txo qis hauv kev sib khi. Cov khoom sib khi ntawm lub tes tsho plooj (porcelain) yog ua los ntawm cov khoom xa tuaj xws li cyanide-butylene copolymer cork thiab hluavtaws roj hmab. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas nrog lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntev, kev sib khi ntawm cov khoom yuav tsis zoo thiab cov roj to yuav tshwm sim. Kuj tseem muaj cov kab nrib pleb hauv cov plooj (porcelain casing), ntau qhov nro thiab compression, thiab bending loads uas ua rau cov plooj (porcelain casing) dislocate, thiab cov khoom sealing raug rau saum huab cua thiab poob nws cov sealing nyhuv uas ua rau cov roj to.
4. Corona tso tawm rau ntawm qhov txuas ntawm cov fittings ntawm lub tes tsho porcelain lub davhlau ya nyob twg: qhov tshwm sim corona yog ib qho tshwm sim tawm los ntawm qhov tsis sib xws ntawm qhov hluav taws xob, uas ua rau cov khoom siv hluav taws xob hauv huab cua sib dhos rau hauv hluav taws xob hauv ob theem. . Lub insulating nto ntawm lub insulator nrog cov kab mob loj heev yuav tsim ib zaj duab xis conductive nyob rau saum npoo ntawm lub insulator raws li cov txheej txheem paug ntawm qhov chaw yog dampened, lub zog hluav taws xob ntawm lub insulator yuav poob, thiab cov xau tam sim no yuav pib tshwm. Txhawm rau kom tsis txhob muaj qhov tshwm sim ntawm corona paug cuam tshuam rau kev nyab xeeb ntawm kev ua haujlwm, cov insulators tuaj yeem raug ntxuav hauv lub sijhawm; Ntawm qhov tod tes, cov txheej txheem insulator muaj kuab paug tuaj yeem tshawb xyuas tsis tu ncua los ntawm kev siv lub insulator ntsev ntom ntom thiab plua plav ntom ntom tester.